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学术科研
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Between facilitation and hindrance: linking CEO Machiavellianism, top management team collective organizational engagement and new ventures performance
PurposeBased on upper echelons theory, this paper aims to explore the mixed impacts of chief executive officer (CEO) Machiavellianism on new venture performance. At the same time, this paper tests the mediating and suppression effect of top management team (TMT) collective organizational engagement, and the moderating effect of entrepreneurial orientation.Design/methodology/approachThe authors conducted a three-wave survey of a sample of 1,550 enterprises established within three years, finally retained the full sample of 216 companies (216 CEOs, 733 vice presidents) with complete responses in all surveys. By using SPSS 26.0 and Amos 26.0 software to conduct data analysis, the authors empirically tested the hypothesized relationships.FindingsRegression results show that CEO Machiavellianism negatively affects new venture performance through TMT collective organizational engagement, whereas there is a direct positive relationship between CEO Machiavellianism and new venture performance when TMT collective organizational engagement is controlled for. In addition, entrepreneurial orientation plays a boundary role in this mechanism, which can weaken the negative effect of CEO Machiavellianism on TMT collective organizational engagement.Originality/valueBy expanding the application contexts of the upper echelons theory, this paper enriches the research on Machiavellianism in the organizational research and further clarified the simultaneous positive and negative effects of CEO Machiavellianism on new venture performance.
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The motherhood penalty and low fertility in China: a pseudo-event study
Using census data from 2000 to 2015 and a pseudo-event study design, this paper estimates the magnitude, distribution, and trend of the motherhood penalty in China, while examining its relationship with the country's declining fertility rates. The findings reveal that one-third of working women leave the labor market in the year they give birth, with the penalty persisting for over 8 years. The magnitude of the penalty increased significantly during the study period across most provinces, and regions with larger increases in the penalty experienced sharper declines in fertility rates. A mover-based design analysis shows that when women migrate to provinces with higher motherhood penalties, their fertility rates drop significantly. This study contributes to the literature by applying a novel pseudo-event study approach to cross-sectional data, offering new insights into the interaction between labor market constraints and fertility decisions in a rapidly evolving socio-economic context.
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Entrepreneurial miracles in the low-carbon transition: Causal inference from China's low carbon city pilot
The low-carbon transition entails a systemic transition involving resource allocation, investment strategies, and technological advancements. This green transformation may, on one hand, phase out high-emission enterprises, disrupting the original industrial structure, while on the other hand, it can foster cleaner production techniques, encouraging entrepreneurs to enter sustainable sectors and driving industrial upgrading. This study investigates the impact of such a transition on entrepreneurial activities, using China's Low Carbon City Pilot (LCCP) policy as a case study and analyzing city-level data on new startups from 2003 to 2019. The results indicate that LCCP significantly stimulates entrepreneurial activity in regulated cities, with entrepreneurial creation outweighing entrepreneurial loss. Notably, the effects of LCCP vary geographically: significant growth in entrepreneurial activity is observed in the southern, central, and eastern regions, while the northern and northeastern regions show no significant improvement and may even experience negative effects. Furthermore, LCCP's impact on entrepreneurial activity is more pronounced in cities with economic prosperity, concentrated human capital, high levels of openness to foreign investment, and a non-resource-based economy. The study also finds that LCCP catalyzes entrepreneurial activity by driving green financial development and green technological innovation. Finally, government interventions such as supporting green industries, strengthening regulatory measures, prioritizing innovation activities, and protecting intellectual property demonstrate a positive moderating effect. This study contributes new empirical insights into the effect of institutional factors on entrepreneurial activities, offering valuable implications for the design of environmental policies amid the global shift toward a low-carbon future.
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An integrated response system for demand surges of emergency products: backup capacity investment and capacity sharing based on product flexibility
The practices of addressing the COVID-19 pandemic have yielded significant insights for emergency supply chain management. One is that horizontal collaboration between firms, such as capacity sharing, is an effective way to handle emergencies. Additionally, production switching through product flexibility effectively covers the shortage of the existing emergency response system. This paper studies an integrated response system comprising an emergency product manufacturer(EM) and a regular product manufacturer with product flexibility (RMPF). The EM can address potential demand surges through backup capacity investment and capacity sharing with the RMPF. We develop a game theoretical model to examine such an integrated response system and analyze the government's subsidy strategies for both approaches when the profit-driven response system fails to satisfy the surging demand. Our main results are: (1) The integrated response system generally outperforms both single-approach response systems, except when capacity sharing is unprofitable or backup capacity investment is highly economical. (2) Capacity sharing is more useful during significant demand surges or shortages of valuable emergency items. (3) When the profit-driven response system fails, the government should adopt a single subsidy strategy if the corresponding emergency response approach is sufficiently cost-effective. In cases of rare and severe demand surges, a hybrid subsidy strategy should be adopted.